In planographic printmaking the image is created and transferred from the flat surface of a matrix. ![]() Monotypes and monoprints are planographic prints. Collagraphs may be printed as relief prints with the ink transferring from the top surface of the collagraph plate. Woodcut, wood engraving and linocut are examples of relief printmaking. ![]() Therefore relief prints can be printed by hand as well as with a press. The ink is easily transferred from the surface of the matrix. In other types, hand pressure is enough to transfer the image from the matrix to the paper.)Ī relief print is made by carving away parts of the matrix, leaving only that which is meant to be printed. Some printmaking processes require the pressure of a press on the matrix to create a print. (The matrix is the plate or block that holds and guides the ink to the surface of the paper. In relief printmaking the uppermost surface of the matrix yields the image. It includes etching, engraving, drypoint, aquatint, photopolymer etching (solar plate etching), and collagraph. Intaglio is the umbrella term for the largest family of printmaking techniques. For this reason intaglio plates cannot be printed by hand. Tremendous pressure is needed to transfer the ink from below the surface of the matrix. Paper is then placed on the plate and passed through the press. The ink is then wiped off to the desired effect, leaving enough ink in the grooves to transfer the image. In other types, hand pressure is enough to transfer the image from the matrix to the paper.)Īn intaglio print is made by spreading ink into the incised grooves on the matrix. ![]() An intaglio print is produced from incisions or depressions made below the surface of the matrix. Intaglio (in-tal’-yo) is the Italian word for incised. It is the surface, plate or block that holds and guides the ink to create the image, by pressing a sheet of paper against it and transferring the image by hand or via the printing press. A basic component to all printmaking is still the matrix. Today printmaking is a renaissance with the evolution of modern technical innovations. Printmaking in the West began around the mid 1400s with Gutenberg’s Bible. The earliest record of printed material is a book dated 868 AD, printed in China from wood blocks.
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